The search for cleaner sources of energy is one of the most important long-term trends of our time. For all the fuss raised by anti-nuclear activists, the fact remains that nuclear power is a lot cleaner on a day-to-day basis than oil or coal. So the demand for uranium should remain steady in coming years. One company that is well-positioned to profit is the little-known Canadian firm Cameco Corp. (TOR: CCO).
Cameco is the world's third-largest uranium producer, providing about 15% of the world's production from mines in Canada, the U.S. and Kazakhstan.It holds about 443 million pounds of proven and probable reserves, extensive resources and about 4.9 million acres of the world's most promising uranium exploration properties.
The company is also a leading provider of nuclear fuel processing services, supplying much of the world's reactor fleet with the fuel to generate one of the cleanest sources of electricity available today. Cameco is in fact the world's largest publicly tradeduraniumcompany, and is based inSaskatoon, Saskatchewan.
The company was formed in 1988 by the merger and privatization of two corporations: the government-ownedEldorado Nuclear Limited(known previously as Eldorado Mining and Refining Limited) and Saskatchewan-basedSaskatchewan Mining Development Corporation(SMDC). The initial public offering (IPO) for 20% of the company was conducted in July, 1991. Government ownership of the company decreased over the next eleven years, with full privatization occurring in February, 2002.
In 1996, Cameco acquired Power Resources Inc., the largest uranium producer in the United States. This was followed in 1998 by the acquisition of Canadian-based Uranerz Exploration and Mining Limited and Uranerz U.S.A., Inc.
Last year, Cameco produced 24.8 million pounds of uranium from five operating mines. McArthur River, based in Canada, is the company's single largest mine with Cameco's share of 2011 output totaling 13.9 million pounds. The ore mined from the McArthur River site is extremely rich in uranium with an average ore grade of 16.89 percent. To put that into perspective, the ore grade at the mine is 100 times higher than the global average for producing uranium mines.
Consequently, Cameco has to move far less pay dirt and ore to produce the same amount of uranium as most other producers. McArthur River is not only one of the world's largest mines but it's one of the world's cheapest to produce, allowing Cameco to earn profits even when uranium prices are weak. That's one reason Cameco was able to survive the long downturn in uranium prices through much of the 1980s and 1990s.
Cameco's second-largest mine is Rabbit Lake, also located in Canada. With an ore grade of less than 1 percent, Rabbit Lake is not as rich a deposit as McArthur River but the mine has been in production since 1975 and continues to produce around 3.7 million to 3.8 million pounds of uranium per year.
Cameco is spending capital on the exploration of areas just outside the current mine site and is also working to upgrade the mine to boost output. Rabbit Lake is an old mine but should continue to produce as the firm's exploration and upgrade work extend the life of the mine.
The company plans to mine around 2 million pounds of uranium from its Smith Ranch-Highland mine site in Wyoming this year. Unlike the firm's larger McArthur River and Rabbit Lake mines, Smith is an in-situ project, which means water is pumped underground where it dissolves the ore and is pumped to the surface. On the surface, Cameco separates the uranium oxide from the water pumped through the mine.
Cameco is the 60 percent owner of a joint venture called the Inkai Limited Liability Partnership to mine a site in South Kazakhstan. The firm has partnered with Kazakhstan's state-owned uranium company, Kazatomprom, on this project.
The company has a long-term goal called "Double U," a plan to boost production to around 40 million pounds per year by 2018. It's unclear if Cameco will actually meet that goal or be forced to push back the timetable but it is one of the only uranium companies in the world with the capacity to grow mined output in the near-term. Central to that task is the development of 50.025 percent owned Cigar Lake, a mine project in Canada with an average ore grade of 18.3 percent, even higher than McArthur River.
Cameco employs a conservative marketing strategy, selling around 40 percent of its production under long-term contracts at fixed prices that provide a cushion when uranium prices are low.
The company issued a somewhat disappointing earnings report in October and the market overreacted, sending the stock down by more than 20 percent. The recovery of the stock price is already under way, as investors focus again on the firm's strong fundamentals. But it's not too late to profit. Cameco is a buy up to 28.
Tom Scarlett is an investment analyst with Personal Finance.
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